ISSN 0132-2222 Scientific-technical journal AND COMMUNICATION IN OIL INDUSTRY published since 1973 November 2014 ¹ 11 12 issues per year
CONTENÒS |
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MEASURING, AUTOMATION, TELEMECHANIZATION AND COMMUNICATION FACILITIES |
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Muzipov Kh.N., Savinykh Yu.A. Acoustic device of measuring a well’s zenith angle while drilling (p. 12-14) |
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Nemirov M.S. Metrological questions to oil accounting rules (p. 15-17) |
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MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND SOFTWARE |
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Bezkorovajnyj V.P., Doan Duc Nha. Risk assessment of underwater pipelines projects (p. 28-34) |
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Information on the articles (p. 38-42) |
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Information on the articles |
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WAYS of increasING accuracy of measurement of mass and volume of oil and oil products (ð. 3)
A.V. Safonov
IMS Group 47a, Vavilov str., 117312, Moscow, RF
V.S. Snegov, A.F. Ostrivnoy, Yu.I. Kamenskih
FGUP VNIIM 19, Moskovsky prosp., 190005, St.-Petersburg, RF
The article discusses the results of research of some special scales to be used in the systems of measurement of quantity and quality of oil and petroleum products in order to provide reliable measurements of the mass of oil and petroleum products.
Key words: weight; scales; reference metering gauge; reliable measurement of the mass of oil and oil products; import substitution.
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WELLS AUTOMATION ON THE BASIS OF SYSTEMS OF PERMANENT MONITORING (SPM.AS) OF A LAYER PARAMETERS (ð. 9)
N.N. Faizullin
"NPT "Aloil Service, Ltd." 2, Stroiteley prosp., 423450, Almetyevsk, Republiv of Tatarstan, RF
A.V. Chernyshev
"Trading-Technical House Aloil Service, Ltd." 2, Stroiteley prosp., 423450, Almetyevsk, Republiv of Tatarstan, RF
Some problems relating to wells automation based on the system of permanent monitoring (SPM) of wells’ layers parameters are considered in the present article. Some problems that can be solved by SPM are marked. Typical serial SPM to be used in wells equipped by single-lifting units of dual production (DP) is described. An innovative system of permanent monitoring – "SPM.AS.ALGA" is presented; some specific features of the system are marked. The description of some new device, named "self-oriented eccentric stabilizer" (SOES), developed to provide pressure control of sub-packer object of double-lifting wells development is given. "Whirlwind" system of permanent monitoring that is used to measure the flow-rate and pressure of wells with formation pressure maintenance (FPM) equipped with down-hole and inter-hole pumping installations as well as dual pumping (DP) of two or more layers is described. Innovated "SPM.AS.VSN-Layer" system, designed for long-term on-line monitoring of technological parameters such as water content, pressure and temperature inside wells is presented.
Key words: "SPM.AS.ALGA" system of permanent monitoring of wells layers parameters; single-lifting units of dual production; "SPM.AS.1.ALGA-classic" system; "Whirlwind" system of permanent monitoring; dual pumping; system of monitoring of parameters: water content, pressure, temperature of the reservoir wells; "SPM.AS.VSN-Layer"; self-oriented eccentric stabilizer (SOES) of tubing.
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ACOUSTIC DEVICE OF MEASURING A WELL’S ZENITH ANGLE WHILE DRILLING (ð. 12)
Kh.N. Muzipov, Yu.A. Savinykh
Tyumen State Oil and Gas University 38, 50 let Oktyabrya str., 625038, Tyumen, RF, tel.: (83452) 422-327, e-mail: halim46@mail.ru
The article describes some acoustic device, developed for measuring a well’s zenith angle while drilling. The principle of the device operation that is based on quarter-wave acoustic resonator is discussed. Frequency f, absorbed out of the sound spectrum by the quarter-wave acoustic resonator represents information about the zenith angle value. Extending from the bottom of the well, the sound vibration reaches the leading pipe on the surface through the casing string. The transducer in the form of a piezoceramic element is installed on the surface of the leading pipe. Using the spectrogram as an indicator of the well-known absorbed particles from the sound-absorbing resonator, it can be possible to determine the well’s zenith angle value.
Key words: directional survey; drilling; azimuth; deviated wells; quarter-wave acoustic resonator; band pass filter; well bottom; elastic waves; frequency; sound vibration; spectrogram.
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METROLOGICAL QUESTIONS TO OIL ACCOUNTING RULES (ð. 15)
Mikhail Semenovich Nemirov, Candidate of technical sciences, Director
OP GNMC JSC "Nefteavtomatika" 2a, Zhurnalistov str., 420029, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, RF, tel.: +7(843)295-30-47, e-mail: gnmc@nefteavtomatika.ru
Rules of oil accounting are considered from metrological point of view. The analysis of a number of newly introduced concepts in the field of measurement and accounting of oil net weight is carried out. It is shown that they don’t comply with the applicable terms and definitions set forth in the standards. The analysis of the method, contained in the Rules, that is applied for measuring of oil net weight, produced from each well, reveals the fact that the method doesn’t have the error measurement standards and isn’t certified in the prescribed manner. Consideration of the method applied for verifying the results of determination of oil net weight, produced during the reporting period for each well, witnessed the fact that it is unsubstantiated from metrological point of view. In fact, the Rules envisage accounting of oil net weight proceeding from the treated (commodity) oil. In conclusion, the article offers some recommendations on perfecting the Rules of oil accounting.
Key words: Rules of oil accounting; oil net weight; ballast weight; standards of accuracy.
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NON-EQUILIBRIUM PHASE BEHAVIOR OF HYDROCARBON MIXTURES. Part 1: experiments (ð. 18)
Olga Andereevna Lobanova1, post-graduate student, Vadim Romanovich Zubov2, post-graduate student, Ilya Mikhailovich Indrupskiy1, Doctor of technical sciences
1Institute of Problems of Oil and Gas of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPNG RAS) 3, Gubkina str., 119333, Moscow, RF, tel.: (499) 135-54-67, e-mail: marta.fox@hotmail.com; i-ind@ipng.ru
2Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas 65, Leninisky prosp., 119991, Moscow, RF, tel.: +7 926-492-42-37, e-mail: vrzubov@gmail.com
The importance of accounting of non-equilibrium phase behavior of hydrocarbons during field development is shown based on a review of experimental results of different authors. An analysis of specific features and sources of non-equilibrium effects occurrence during phase transitions is carried out. Particularly, hysteresis of phase transitions both in bulk volume and in porous media is considered. Segregation of the phases due to gravity is shown to be one of the sources of non-equilibrium behavior. The estimates of characteristic time of the system relaxation to an equilibrium state are given. Several identity models that account of non-equilibrium phase behavior of hydrocarbon mixtures are discussed.
Key words: hydrocarbons; multi-component mixtures; non-equilibrium phase behavior; oil; gas; condensate; hysteresis of phase transitions; relaxation; segregation.
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UPDATING OF THE DIAGNOSTICS OF WELL SUCKER-ROD PUMPING UNITS ON THE BASIS OF INTELLIGENT ANALYSIS OF DYNAMOMETRIC DATA (ð. 23)
K.F. Tagirova, A.M. Vulfin, A.R. Sabitov, N.B. Akhmetov
Ufa State Aviation Technical University 12, Karl Marx str., 450000, Ufa, Republic of Baskortostan, RF, e-mail: tagirovakf@ya.ru
Some algorithm of the intelligent analysis of the state of a well sucker rod pump on the basis of dynamometric data is developed to provide information support while searching the optimal solution of a diagnosis problem, thus reducing the role of the human factor and increasing the effectiveness of the control system in the whole.
Key words: choice of generation parameters and selection signs; recognition of pre-processed dynamometer cards; neural network classifiers.
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RISK ASSESSMENT OF UNDERWATER PIPELINES PROJECTS (ð. 28)
Vladimir Pavlovich Bezkorovajnyj, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Doan Duc Nha
Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas 65, Leninsiy prosp., 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation, tel.: (499) 233-90-88, e-mail: vpbp@mail.ru; doandn@mail.ru
Integrity and reliability of hydrocarbons transmission pipelines is of primary interest for oil and gas companies, consumers and other interested parties in connection with the adverse effects and financial losses in the event of a system failure. The approach proposed in the article in the field of risk management is aimed at helping the owners of transmission and distribution pipeline companies to take into account the multidimensional consequences that can arise as a result of pipeline accidents, to decide whether and where to take preventive measures, justified decisions or corrective actions to prevent adverse technological developments. The article substantiates the use of fuzzy logic methods for modeling uncertainty in the risk assessment of a pipeline operation. The proposed model is implemented in the MATLAB graphical software package, using Mamdani algorithm based on expert knowledge, the implementation and comparison of the classical approach of risk assessment and the proposed model are made. The results show that the proposed model improves the accuracy of the situation assessment, and can also be taken as an intelligent risk assessment tool in a variety of engineering problems.
Key words: risk assessment; fuzzy sets; underwater pipeline.
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AUTOMATED TECHNIQUE OF BUILDING THE BEST APPROXIMATION OF A WELL FLOW-RATE TIME DEPENDENCE (ð. 34)
Kurban Sapizhullaevich Akhmedov, Candidate of technical sciences, Vladimir Alexandrovich Tolpaev, Doctor of physical-mathematical sciences, Profåssor, Alexey Vladimirovich Kolesnikov, Head of the Laboratory, Lidia Akhmedovna Akhmedova, Leading engineer
JSC "North-Caucasus Scientific-Research Design Institute of Natural Gasses" (JSC "SevKavNIPIgaz") 419, Lenin str., 355000, Stavropol, Stavropolsky region, RF, e-mail: kurban2000@mail.ru; v.a.tolpaev@mail.ru
Some mathematical model and algorithms of automated building of the best time dependence of a well flow-rate are developed on the basis of the actual field data. The article suggests describing a well production rate by some smooth curves that take into account the general trend of wells towards their flow rate decrease. Such a trend of the flow rate can be approximated by monotonically decreasing functions. The performed analysis of the field data on flow-rate per well served the basis for determining the most typical two- and three-parametric functions to be used for the approximation of the well flow-rate from time.
Key words: approximation of a well flow-rate; mathematical model; monotonically decreasing function.
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JSC "ALL-RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ORGANIZATION, MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS OF OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY" |