ISSN 0132-2222 Scientific-technical journal AND COMMUNICATION IN OIL INDUSTRY published since 1973 July 2020 № 7(564) 12 issues per year
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MEASURING, AUTOMATION, TELEMECHANIZATION AND COMMUNICATION FACILITIES |
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Safonov A.V., Churaeva M.A. Measurements of the highest calorific value of liquefied natural gas (p. 13‑17) |
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INFORMATIONAL, MEASURING, EXPERT, EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS |
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Khokhrin S.A. ACSTP information security, actuality, application rules (p. 23‑33) |
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AUTOMATED SYSTEMS OF CONTROL OVER TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES |
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MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND SOFTWARE |
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Information on the articles |
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UDC 681.5:622.276+622.279 DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2020-7(564)-5-12
ORGANIZATION OF
HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF VOLUME
Igor Nikolaevich Moskalev, Dr. of phys.-math. sci., Deputy Head of the NIL, Alexander Vyacheslavovich Semenov, Dr. of econ. sci., Professor, rector
Moscow University named after S.Yu. Witte 12, bld. 1, Vtoroy Kozhukhovsky proezd, Moscow, 115432, Russian Federation, e-mail: igor.moskalev.2015@mail.ru, asemenov@muiv.ru
Ilya Alexandrovich Gorbunov, Director, Yury Alexandrovich Gorbunov, commercial Director
LLC "GLOBUS" 45a, Sadovaya str., Belgorod, 308023, Russian Federation, e-mail: gorbunov@irga.ru, gorbounoviouri@hotmail.com
The algorithm for determining the volume fractions of gas, water and hydrocarbon condensate of a gas-liquid flow by analyzing information from a microwave resonator provides acceptable accuracy for determining the amount of condensate only at high condensate-gas factors (CGF) (~300...1000 cm3/m3) and low water-gas factors (WGF) (~100...30 cm3/m3). With an increase in the proportion of water or a decrease in the fraction of condensate, the error in the determination of CGF becomes unacceptably large, which invalidates this measurement method. The error can be reduced by introducing a bypass line into the flow meter, containing a filter separating the liquid phase, and a reference resonator detecting the frequency shift caused by the gas phase. The filter is probed with an 8-mm radio beam that responds to the content of only the water component. The data obtained from the resonator and the filter substantially supplement the information from the main measuring resonator, which passes the entire flow of the gas-liquid mixture, and significantly expand the range of recorded CGF and WGF.
Keywords: gas-liquid flow; flow meter; resonator; measurement error; well.
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UDC 681.5.08 DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2020-7(564)-13-17
MEASUREMENTS OF THE
HIGHEST CALORIFIC VALUE
A.V. Safonov, Cand. of tech. sci., Technical Director
LLC "Oil and Gas Measuring Technologies" (LLC "NGIT") 7, Nobel str., IC "Scolcovo", Moscow, 134026, Russian Federation, e-mail: safonov@ngit.ru
M.A. Churaeva, Business Development Manager
LLC "Oil & Gas Systems" (LLC "OGS") 47A, Vavilova str., Moscow, 117312, Russian Federation, e-mail: churaeva.ma@ooosng.ru
The paper discusses the issues of effective measurement of the highest calorific value of liquefied natural gas, the appropriate technological and metrological solutions are proposed.
Keywords: liquefied natural gas; standard uncertainty; expanded uncertainty; higher calorific value.
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UDC 621.928.47 DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2020-7(564)-18-22
DESIGN FEATURES OF THE
INPUT DEVICE
Vladimir Nikolaevich Petrov1, 2, Cand. of tech. sci., associate professor, Yuriy Kirillovich Evdokimov1, Dr. of tech. sci., Professor, Vladimir Viktorovich Takmovtsev1, Cand. of tech. sci., associate professor, Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Erzikov1, 2, magister, engineer
1 Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev – KAI 10, K. Marx str., Kazan, 420111, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation, e-mail: kai@kai.ru, petr_vl_n@mail.ru, YuKEvdokimov@kai.ru, vvt379@rambler.ru, scooter_sasha@mail.ru
2 VNIIR – Affiliated Branch of the D.I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology 7a, Vtoraya Azinskaya str., Kazan, 420088, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation, e-mail: office@vniir.org
The paper investigates the influence of the design features of the input devices of the three-component gas-liquid mixture separators on the separation of multi-phase flow. The flow structure formation of the multi-phase flow entering the separator is considered. The conditions of kinetic energy transition into potential energy and vice versa are determined. From the authors’ point of view, the most preferred input device scheme is proposed.
Keywords: multi-phase mixture; separator; input device; standard; flow structure.
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UDC 004.51 DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2020-7(564)-23-33
ACSTP INFORMATION SECURITY, ACTUALITY, APPLICATION RULES (p. 23)
S.A. Khokhrin
LLC "NPA Vira Realtime" 15/2, Marshal Zakharov str., Tyumen, 625015, Russian Federation, e-mail: info@rlt.ru
The paper addresses the problems related to the gigantic growth of information volumes with the mutual penetration of automated control systems of technological processes (ACSTP) and information technologies (IT). The basic requirements for security and communication channels are described. The vulnerabilities of software due to a progressive attack vector are presented, which leads to a change in the paradigm of technological development, called the "fourth industrial revolution".
Keywords: digitalization; globalization; paradigm; malicious worms; cyberattacks; DDos attacks; ARP spoofing; SCADA; cryptographic stability; Wi-Fi; automated control systems of technological processes (ACSTP); Modbus; ProfiBus.
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UDC 681.5.015 DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2020-7(564)-34-37
APPLICATION OF THE
ENSEMBLE METHOD IN THE DEVELOPMENT
Anton Alexandrovich Goncharov, Cand. of tech. sci., chief specialist
LLC "Automation-service" 14, bld. 3, Krzhizhanovsky str., Moscow, 117218, Russian Federation, e-mail: antalg@mail.ru
Alexander Sergeevich Bogomolov, postgraduate student, Mikhail Dmitrievich Chumakov, bachelor degree
National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University" 65, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, e-mail: bogomolovalexsander@mail.ru, Mikhail.ch2011@yandex.ru
The paper discusses the development of an adaptive soft sensor using the ensemble method. Adaptive soft sensors were developed for three quality indicators. A comparative analysis of soft sensors obtained when using the proposed method, and non-adaptive soft sensors is performed.
Keywords: adaptation; clustering; soft sensor; identification; advanced control; distillation.
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UDC 004.7(075) DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2020-7(564)-38-41
THE
WAY TO CHOOSE THE LOGICAL STRUCTURE OF RELATION
Pavel Anatolievich Starodubtsev, Dr. of tech. sci., Professor, Head of the Department
Pacific Higher Naval School named after S.O. Makarov 6, Kamsky Lane, Vladivostok, 690062, Russian Federation, e-mail: spa1958@mail.ru
Evgeny Anatolievich Storozhok, Cand. of tech. sci., associate professor
Far Eastern Federal University Bld. L, FEFU Campus, Russian island, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation, e-mail: storea1955@mail.ru
An important stage in the design of a relational database (DB) is a logical design. This stage is performed after selecting a specific database management system (DBMS). Most often, logical design is based on the principles of normalization. The result of logical design is a database scheme (a set of relationship patterns included in the database). The principle of normalization involves the removal of excess dependencies from database relationships that can lead to a violation of data integrity during transaction execution. The normalization process provides several options for the normal Boyce – Codd form, when there is a need to choose the best of these options. This choice can be organized using criteria such as memory size and transaction speed. Existing DBMSs do not provide for automation of the normalization process, therefore, the task described in this paper is relevant.
Keywords: relational database; relation; tuple; attribute; key; composite key; functional dependence; transitive functional dependence; data integrity; normalization; normal form.
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UDC 622.276:681.5 DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2020-7(564)-42-47
OPTIMIZATION OF THE
FREQUENCY MODE OF SUPPLY AND
Ilya Georgievich Solovуev1, 2, Cand. of tech. sci., associate professor, senior researcher, Roman Sergeevich Popov2, graduate student, Vitaliy Viktorovich Fomin3, Cand. of tech. sci.
1 Federal Research Center "Tyumen Research Center" SB RAS 86, Malygin str., Tyumen, 625026, Russian Federation, e-mail: solovyev@ikz.ru
2 Tyumen Industrial University 38, Volodarsky str., Tyumen, 625000, Russian Federation, e-mail: roma121212@yandex.ru
3 Gazpromneft-Digital Solutions Ltd. BC Nevskaya Ratusha, floor 8, 11-B, Degtyarniy str., St. Petersburg, 191144, Russian Federation, e-mail: FOMIN.VVi@gazprom-neft.ru
The obvious advantages of switching to frequency-regulated oil production technologies ignore questions about the price of such a transition. It will be a question of reducing the energy efficiency factors of ESPs operation at shifted frequencies and, as a result, worsening factors of durability. The need and effect of the transition to new modes of operation by changing the frequency should be correlated with an increase in energy consumption, especially if the duration of the work at the shifted frequencies is not short-term. If the relative duration and level of the shifted mode are given a priori, then the problem of choosing the parameters of the ESP arrangement and the frequency mode of operation should be solved jointly on the basis of minimizing the criterion of energy consumption. The formulation and solution of a similar problem are discussed in the presented article.
Keywords: model; energy consumption; frequency adjustment; mode; performance; parameters; optimization; electric centrifugal pump.
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UDC 519.254:519.233.2 DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2020-7(564)-48-53
REGULARIZATION OF
TREATMENT OF PRESSURE RECOVERY CURVES
Stepan Alekseevich Korchagin, Cand. of phys.-math. sci., associate professor, Larisa Aleksandrovna Marchenkova, senior lecturer
Samara State Technical University 244, Molodogvardeiskaya str., Samara, 443100, Russian Federation, e-mail: Korchagin.Stepa@yandex.ru
Earlier we described the possibility of using information on properties of reciprocal-inverse functions in regularization according to A.N. Tikhonov. It was argued that the sharing of reciprocal-inverse functions would significantly improve the quality of the resulting solutions. In the present work, this statement is detailed on the example of a pressure recovery curve (PRC) treatment. The method of using a program minimizing the sum of squares of calculated data deviation from experimental ones (used in the least squares method), for calculations in the regularization method of A.N. Tikhonov, is described. Calculations have shown that when using inverse functions for regularization, the results are more resistant to small changes in experimental data than with conventional regularization. It was found that when using inverse functions, satisfactory stability of parameter evaluation is achieved at lower values of the regularization parameter, than during regularization by the usual method. Besides, the modeling of pseudo-experimental data samples showed that at small parameters of regularization, that is, in the field of unstable estimates, the dispersion of solutions (straight slopes approximating the PRC) is much lower in the case of joint use of inverse functions in case of regularization.
Keywords: data processing; pressure recovery curves (PRC); least squares method; regularization method; inverse functions.
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NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF OIL AND GAS "GUBKIN UNIVERSITY" |