Environment Protection in Oil and Gas Complex

The article presents the results of oil migration study through the soils of different genetic and morphological composition. When forecasting the development of possible emergencies at oil and gas facilities associated with spilling of oil and oil products, it is necessary to estimate as soon as possible the propagation rate of pollution both in width and depth as well as the size of the soil surface layer, subject to maximum damage by persistent organic contaminants to choose a method of oil sludge removal, followed by its utilization. To create empirical models of oil pollution spreading in the soil, the processes associated with the distribution of oil samples from different oil and gas provinces (West Siberian, Timan-Pechersk and Volgo-Urals) were studied through separate soil fractions of three different types: sod-podzolic sandy soil, sod-podzolic loamy soil and chernozem. Based on the experimental data obtained, a multiple linear regression procedure was performed. For two samples – chernozem and sod-podzolic loamy soil, regression dependences of the oil flow rate on the soil granulometric composition and the oil saturation value were obtained.

Keywords: migration of pollution; soil; oil pollution; oil saturation; particle size distribution.

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UDC 504.06 DOI: 10.30713/2411-7013-2018-6-13-17

REGULARITIES OF OIL POLLUTION REDISTRIBUTION
IN DIFFERENT TYPES AND MECHANICAL FRACTIONS OF SOILS (p. 13)

Mikhail Alekseevich Galishev,

Manas Mochkhaevich Sultigov,

Yulia Nikolaevna Belshina,

Vladimir Alexandrovich Lovchikov

Saint-Petersburg University of state fire service of EMERCOM of Russia

149, Moskovskiy prosp., St. Petersburg,196105, Russian Federation,

e-mail: unk-ugps@mall.ru

The work is devoted to the study of oil and petroleum products falling into the environment in order to estimate their quantity, as well as individual characteristics. The latter task is most difficult, because the natural environment contains a large number of various organic components, some of which can give an analytical signal very similar to the individual characteristics of petroleum products. In work on the example of the analysis of ranges of a luminescence use of a method of recognition of images for the solution of problems of identification of oil products in soils is considered. On the basis of digital coding of ranges of a luminescence regression dependences of intensity of spectral maxima on the size of granulometric fractions of various types of soils are constructed. In work it is established raised the content of polycyclic aromatic structures in small fractions of soils in comparison with large fractions. In small granulometric fractions of soils the critical transition which is expressed in sharp increase in polycyclic aromatic structures in the range of mechanical structure of soils from 0,5 to 1,0 mm is observed. Soil fractions of such a mechanical composition, regardless of morphology, should be especially closely monitored in monitoring emergencies in the event of possible accidental spills of oil products.

Keywords: theory of recognition of images; soil; oil pollution; molecular luminescence.

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UDC 622.162.4 DOI: 10.30713/2411-7013-2018-6-18-22

USE OF THE CLUSTER ANALYSIS
FOR IDENTIFICATION OF PROFESSIONALLY IMPORTANT QUALITIES
OF OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION OPERATORS (p. 18)

Polina Aleksandrovna Shkunova,

Alla Tagirovna Volokhina,

Elena Vitalyevna Glebova,

Irina Vladimirovna Retinskaya

Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (NRU)

65, Leninsky рrosр., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: shkunova.a@mail.ru

Improvement of requirements for training and examination of organizations an employees and their leaders that operate and maintain hazardous production facilities is one of the main tasks of the Russian Federation state policy in the field of industrial safety. For realization of the specified task, this study proposes an approach that allows to determing the required set of professionally important qualities needed by oil and gas production operators for safe work on hazardous production facility. To this end, the expert survey method was successfully applied, in terms of which the experts' competence was assessed as well as the necessary expert group size was determined. With the help of the cluster analysis method, the division of professionally important qualities into three groups with account of the degree of their importance, which is confirmed by the calculation of the experts' opinions consistency, was carried out.

Keywords: professionally important qualities; cluster analysis; expert evaluation method; experts’ competence coefficient.

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UDC 551.464.621(262.81) DOI: 10.30713/2411-7013-2018-6-23-28

THE EFFECT OF THERMOHALINE STRATIFICATION
OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN SEA WATERS ON OXYGEN MODE
IN THE NEAR-BOTTOM LAYER (p. 23)

Larisa Vyacheslavovna Degtyareva,

Elena Glebovna Lardygina,

Dmitry Vladimirovich Kashin

Caspian research Institute of fishery

1, Savushkina str., Astrakhan, 414056, Russian Federation,

e-mail: kaspiy-info@mail.ru

The temperature, salinity and oxygen conditions in the near-bottom layer of the water in the western part of the Northern Caspian Sea are researched. The dependence of hypoxia spatial-dimensional characteristics on the volume of the Volga flow during the flood is revealed. Some specific features of water stratification (presence of thermocline as well as temperature and salinity gradients) are determined. The zones of water stratification influence on the oxygen mode are identified.

Keywords: Northern Caspian; flow volume; hypoxia; temperature; salinity.

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UDC 504.062+662.636 DOI: 10.30713/2411-7013-2018-6-29-36

ASSESSMENT OF BIODIESEL TOXICITY
FROM EDIBLE OIL WASTES (p. 29)

Konstantin Sergeevich Pikula,

Alexander Mikhailovich Zakharenko,

Yana Yurievna Blinovskaya,

Vladimir Viktorovich Chaika,

Valery Valerievich Chernyshev,

Kirill Sergeevich Golokhvast

Far Eastern Federal University

8, Sukhanova str., Vladivostok, 690950, Russian Federation,

e-mail: blinovskaya@hotmail.com

The research is based on testing the inhibition of four species of the sea micro-algae growth rate to compare the toxicity of B100 samples (the biodiesel received by trans-etherification of the worked-out fat oils with methanol), B0 (diesel fuel), B20 (mix of the biodiesel and diesel fuel in the ratio of 20 % and 80 % respectively). Two species of diatom algae Attheya ussuriensis and Chaetoceros muelleri, red algae Porphyridium purpureum and dinoflagellate Heterosigma akashiwo have been used for toxicity research. B100 biodiesel sample from frying oil wastes have turned out the most toxic for the species of A. ussuriensis, C. muelleri and H. akashiwo in comparison with hexane, methanol, B0 and B20. B20 sample appeared the most toxic for P. purpureum. The acute toxicity of EC50 (96 hours of an exposition) for B100 in case of change of growth rate delay of micro-algae four species lies in the range of 3,75…23,95 g/l, chronic toxicity of EC50 (seven days of an exposition) is 0,42…16,09 g/l.

Keywords: biodiesel; toxicity; biotests; ecotoxicology; micro-algae; water toxicology; edible oil wastes; flowing cytometеr.

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UDC 502.1(470.11) DOI: 10.30713/2411-7013-2018-6-37-40

ECOLOGICAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES
IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MINERAL RESOURCES
IN THE ARKHANGELSK REGION (p. 37)

Marsel Galiullovich Gubaydullin,

Alena Vladimirovna Mironova

Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov

17, Severnaya Dvina еmb., Arkhangelsk , 163002, Russian Federation,

e-mail: alena.osmachko@mail.ru

The article presents general results of assessment of possible ecological consequences caused by the mineral production. The base of this assessment is an information model which includes GIS-technologies. It allows to analyze systematically results of geoecological research in Arkhangelsk region, where enterprises of oil- and diamond-production complexes develop active.

The method of integral ecological assessment which bases on expert grade classifications and weighted coefficient of different factors is presented in the article. This method allows to predict condition of environment in the process of mineral development. A general assessment of possible impact on environment is also presented in this article.

It is also substantiates the events of protection upper part of the geological environment from the thermal impact of oil production facilities in conditions of the development of permafrost. New eco-protective technologies are patented. They are directed to reducing the manmade impact on the main components of the natural environment in the construction and operation of mining infrastructure.

Keywords: European north of Russia; development of mineral resources; ecological problems; environment-friendly technologies.

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UDC 614.774 DOI: 10.30713/2411-7013-2018-6-41-44

RECOVERY OF POLLUTED SOILS
BY PROCESSED DRILLING SOLUTIONS
AND OIL PRODUCTS (p. 41)

Zamaddin Sultanali Allakhverdiyev

Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University

34, Azadlyg ave., Baku, AZ1010, Republic of Azerbaijan,

e-mail: sultanelioglu@gmail.com

The article deals with the issues of soils polluted with waste drilling fluids and oil products. As a result of pollution, the vegetative cover on the ground, especially the cultivated plants, is destroyed, the physical and chemical properties of the soil (soil) change, the solid structure is destroyed, and water permeability decreases. There is a shortage of oxygen and at the same time an increase in the amount of organic matter in the soil polluted with oil products. Reclamation works are carried out for cleaning and reconciliation of contaminated soils. Based on the example of the Absheron soils (the territory of Azerbaijan), reclamation works have been carried out for cleaning, reconciliation, and restoring the productivity of contaminated soils and dismantling has been carried out.

Keywords: analysis; cultivation; drilling; soil cleaning; oil products.

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UDC 613.1 DOI: 10.30713/2411-7013-2018-6-45-48

PROSPECTS FOR USING SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE
IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY (p. 45)

Vitaly Leonidovich Zavorotny,

Mikhail Mikhailovich Lyushin

Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (NRU)

65, Leninsky рrosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: zavorotny51@mail.ru, lyushinm@mail.ru

The article is an overview CO₂ possible directions when solving the global problem of CO₂concentration reducing in the atmosphere using its supercritical modification. The options of the CO₂ liquid use in the oil and gas industry are discussed focusing on solving the problems of oil-polluted lands purification, wells drilling rates accelerating and drill cuttings treatment, that can affect the expansion of product markets and increase of investment in processes based on its technically useful properties. Accessibility, cheapness, safety for the environment and personnel, the simplicity of obtaining supercritical carbon dioxide, along with its remarkable properties, such as increased density, penetrating and dissolving abilities, have now revealed the possibility and efficiency of its use in certain stages of drilling for oil and gas. It is noted that the use of carbon dioxide in the supercritical aggregate state in the oil and gas industry is growing. The ability of the product to dissolve hydrocarbons creates the prerequisites of its use when development non-traditional deposits, particularly, bituminous ones.

Keywords: oil; gas; carbon dioxide; supercritical; drilling mud; soil and soil; drilling cuttings; non-traditional deposits; hydrocarbons.

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UDC 553.98.061.4 DOI: 10.30713/2411-7013-2018-6-49-57

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GENERATION POTENTIAL
OF THE UPPER JURASSIC OF THE PARENT SEDIMENTS OF THE ARCTIC SECTOR
OF THE WEST SIBERIAN OGP (p. 49)

Michail Alexandrovich Lobusev,

Alexandr Vyacheslavovich Lobusev,

Anatoly Vladimirovich Bochkarev,

Yulia Alexandrovna Antipova,

Olga Vasilievna Postnikova

Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (NRU)

65, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: anatolybochkarev@gmail.com

The assessment of the generative potential of the Upper Jurassic source rocks of the Arctic sector of the West Siberian oil-and-gas province is based on the interpretation of lithologic and petrographic differences in the composition and properties of the dark and light interlayers of claystones and the geochemical features of products of catagenesis of or ganomineral substances; machinery for establishing of a complex structure (a fractured reservoir) in dark claystones and hydrocarbon deposits (in a catagenetic hydrocarbon trap); in the development of a new approach to the evaluation of oil and gas bearing criteria and search characteristics in bituminous claystones (abnormally high formation pressure (AHFP), contrast values of rock density, elevated temperature, sulfide content and other abnormal phenomena).

Keywords: generation potential; the Arctic sector; West Siberian oil-and-gas province; oil and gas-source strata; bituminous mudstone; hydrocarbons; oil; gas.

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