Environment Protection in Oil and Gas Complex

INTEGRATION OF GEOPHYSICAL METHODS AND ECOLOGICAL PREDICTION
OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION EFFECTS IN DEEP GEOLOGICAL LAYERS
WHEN EXPLOITATION OF PETROCHEMICAL OBJECTS (p. 5)

Sergey Vladimirovich Ostakh,

Natalia Yurievna Olkhovikova

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: olynatas@mail.ru

Marco Petrangeli Papini,

Paolo Сiampi

University of Sapienza, Rome (Italy)

Currently, environmental issues in industry are paid more and more attention. The definition of environmentally hazardous areas and objects, as well as the study of their effects on the environment is one of the most important directions in modern science. This article describes the features of studies of deep contamination by oil products, phenols and their derivatives, nominates the main methods for studying the processes of fluid migration. The characteristic features of such pollution distribution in the deep layers of the soil horizons are indicated. The use of integration of methods of geophysical and environmental forecasting is substantiated, the main dependencies and methods of interpretation of the data obtained are indicated. The possibilities of research and prediction of the physical-geological model of the eco-anomaly source and its movement in space and time are described.

Keywords: geoecological forecasting; geophysical prediction; deep pollution; integration; migration; petrochemical pollution; eco-anomaly; physical-geological model.

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UDC 574.632:581.1:581.526.323(262.54) DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2(287)-12-17

IMPACT OF OIL SPILLS ON COASTAL WATER AND AQUATIC PLANTS (p. 12)

Oleg Vladimirovich Stepanyan

Federal State Budget Institution of Science "Federal Research Center The Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences"

41, Chekhov str., Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation,

e-mail: step@ssc-ras.ru

The impact of a fuel oil spill (the catastrophe of the "river-sea" tanker in November 2007 in the Kerch Strait) on aquatic and semi-aquatic plants of the Strait and adjacent waters of the Azov and Black seas is evaluated. It is shown that the direct impact of fuel oil on macrophytes was insignificant, one of the reasons – the disaster occurred in the late autumn period, when the biological activity of plants is minimal and most of the underwater herbs and coastal aquatic plants stopped growing. At the same time, there was a significant negative impact on macrophytes in the course of coastal remediation: both biotopes and plants themselves were destroyed in large areas of shallow sea water. Loss of aquatic vegetation was not more than 5 % of the amount (biomass) in the affected area. The penetration of fuel oil into the reed thickets was observed no more than 6 m, the suppression of the reed growth was not detected. In the aftermath, 10 hectares of the reed beds, less than 1 % of those in the affected area were destroyed. The death of algae-fouling on the breakwaters was 30 % in direct contact with fuel oil, 90…100 % after the liquidation activities (Chushka sea spit, Tuzla dam). It is shown that macrophyte emissions are natural traps and sorbents for petroleum products, which can be used in phytoremediation activities.

Keywords: fuel oil spill; marine macroalgae; coastal aquatic plants; reed; marine fouling; phytoremediation; Kerch Strait; the Sea of Azov; the Black Sea.

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UDC 665.7 DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2(287)-18-21

PROSPECTS OF USING PRODUCTS OF OIL SLUDGE PROCESSING
FROM DUNG QUAT REFINERY (VIETNAM) IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION (p. 18)

Tran Thi Long An,

Stanislav Vasilyevich Meshchearyakov,

Dmitry Olegovich Sidorenko,

Zhaneta Valerevna Surikova

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: longan2210@gmail.com

Ngo Thuy Phuong

Petrovietnam Research and Development Center for Petroleum Processing (PVPro) – Vietnam Petroleum Institute

4, Nguyen Thong str., Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam,

e-mail: phuongngo.pvpro@vpi.pvn.vn

The article presents an analysis of the problem of oil sludge processing in Dung Quat refinery and the prospects for using its processed products in the asphalt concrete mix. The study of the quantity and characteristics of oil sludge showed that the most perspective direction of processing is reagent encapsulation using quicklime and fly ash from “Fa Lai” thermal power plant (TPP). The technology of such oil sludge processing is studied. The quality of the processed products depends on the ratio of oil sludge: quicklime:fly ash and the time of the granules ripening. Based on the analysis of the quality indicators of the prepared asphalt-concrete mixture using the oil sludge processing products, it is recommended to use “TA1” treated mineral powder.

Keywords: oil sludge; reagent encapsulation; solidification; waste processing; asphalt-concrete mix; granules; mineral powder; Dung Quat refinery.

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UDC 622.276.438:628.3 DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2(287)-22-28

PREPARATION OF BOTTOM WATERS TO MAINTAIN RESERVOIR PRESSURE
OF LOW PERMEABLE OIL RESERVOIRS (p. 22)

Vladimir Dmitrievich Nazarov,

Maxim Vladimirovich Nazarov,

Marina Victorovna Astashina

Ufa State Petroleum Technical University

1, Kosmonavtov str., Ufa, 450062, Russian Federation,

e-mail: aqvita@mail.ru

Konstantin Lvovich Chertes,

Olga Vladimirovna Tupitsyna,

Vitaly Nikolaevich Pystin

Samara State Technical University

224, Molodogvardeyskaya str., Samara, 443100, Russian Federation,

e-mail: olgatupicyna@yandex.ru

A closed water treatment system without oxygen access is used in oil production. Such water treatment provided accumulation of extreme concentrations of iron and hydrogen sulfide in the reservoir, which form an iron sulfide precipitate, lead to the equipment and pipelines corrosion, but most importantly, to irreversible consequences, polluting water bodies in the areas of oil production. It is proposed to radically change the approach to water treatment, using well-known and innovative methods with the removal of suspended solids, oil, ion iron, hydrogen sulfide from commercial waters and the mandatory disinfection of all injected water. It is necessary to use oxygen to remove iron, hydrogen sulfide from water, as well as to combat the source of formation of biogenic hydrogen sulfide in the reservoir. Experiments are performed on full-scale produced waters of Arlansky and Soth-Arlansky fields. It is shown that the use of three stages of purification provides obtaining of water not only corresponding to the obsolete standard, but also to all indicators of hygienic standards. Pumping of such quality water will not only reduce the cost of scaling and corrosion inhibitors but also increase the rate of oil recovery from the reservoir and lead to a healthier environment.

Keywords: reservoir pressure maintenance system; oil production; water treatment.

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UDC 597.593.4:24 DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2(287)-29-33

USE OF FISH EGGS AND LARVAE BIOMARKERS
FOR THE EVALUATION OF MARINE ENVIRONMENT OIL POLLUTION (p. 29)

Irina Ivanovna Rudneva

A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research

2, Nahimov prosp., Sevastopol, 299011, Russian Federation,

e-mail: svg-41@mail.ru

Oil pollution of the Black Sea is still the great ecological problem for the total water area and especially for the coastal waters. Coastal water ecosystems are the spawning area for many types of fish including the commercial one and invertebrate species, the early developmental stages of which are highly sensitive to pollution, including oil and oil products impact. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of the diesel fuel of 1 and 3 ml/l concentration on the biomarkers’ response of the developing spawn (V and VI stages) and hatchlings of Proterorhinus marmoratus. The activity of some antioxidant enzyme systems was used for this purpose. The toxicant impact stimulates development of an oxidative stress for the spawn and hatchlings of Proterorhinus marmoratus; the fact is proved by the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The non-uniform response of the protective antioxidant system on diesel impact in fish eggs and larvae tested concentrations are shown. Herewith, the larvae antioxidant system of Proterorhinus marmoratus hatchlings was more sensitive to oil impact as compared with fish eggs. The possibilities of these biomarkers data application for monitoring purposes are discussed.

Keywords: diesel fuel; the Black Sea; pollution; fish eggs; larvae; Proterorhinus marmoratus; biomarkers; antioxidant system.

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UDC 620.193.81:620.197.3 DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2)287)-34-39

INFLUENCE OF SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA
ON THE OBJECTS OF THE OIL AND GAS COMPLEX AND
METHODS OF INACTIVATION THEIR VITALITY (p. 34)

Yaroslav Andreevich Kokhanchik

FSBEI HE "Kuban State Technological University"

2, Moskovskaya str., Krasnodar, 350072, Russian Federation,

e-mail: kokhanchikyaros@mail.ru

In the process of oil fields development, the injection of a mixture of fresh and produced water into the reservoir leads to the introduction of non-friendly microorganisms and substances into the formation, which provide an increase in the growth of the micro-fauna various biocenoses. The most common microorganisms in oil and gas fields are classified in the article. The conditions of vital activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria, the specificity of their influence on the metal structures and equipment of the oil and gas complex are considered. The article describes the nature of the interaction of sulfate-reducing bacteria with polymers used in technological processes of oil production, the results of studying the rate of biodegradation of polymers under the influence of microorganisms are presented. The nature of the sulfate-reducing bacteria vital activity influence on the filtration properties of the bottom hole zone of injection wells, as well as their role in the secondary precipitation of calcite, is considered. A classification of the existing methods of suppressing the vital activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria is proposed. The peculiarities of biological contamination of the field pipeline system under conditions of low reservoir temperatures are considered. A perspective method for reducing the consumption of bactericides and increasing the effectiveness of bactericidal treatments with the preliminary introduction of nonionic surfactants into the medium is revealed.

Keywords: bacteria; bio-corrosion; biodegradation of polymers; bactericidal treatment; sulfate-reducing bacteria; sulfate reduction; pitting corrosion; non-ionic surfactants; suppression of bacteria vital activity.

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UDC 620.193:622.276.006.05 DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2(287)-40-48

USE OF NONMETALLIC COATINGS FOR CORROSION PROTECTION OF TUBING:
CURRENT STATE AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE TECHNOLOGY (p. 40)

Alexander Valerievich Brikov

JSC "Neftegazholding"

1, Arbatskaya pl., Moscow, 119019, Russian Federation,

e-mail: alex_v_brikov@list.ru

Andrey Nikolaevich Markin

Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education "Industrial University of Tyumen", Nizhnevartovsk branch

2/П, Lenina str., Panel 20, Zapadny promyshlenny yzel, 628616, Russian Federation,

e-mail: andrey.n.markine@gmail.com

The paper describes the main methods of corrosion protection of tubing internal surface and the current state of nonmetallic coating technology for tubing corrosion protection. Application of internal nonmetallic coatings for corrosion protection of tubing is widely spreading in the oil and gas industry year by year. It is related to the improvement of coating application technology and perfection of coatings technological properties. The main types of nonmetallic coatings used for corrosion protection of tubing and theirs physical and mechanical properties are described. Importance of corrosion protection measures arrangement of threaded connections of coated tubing is shown. The results of field trial of tubing with polymeric coating at one of the Eastern Siberia oil production companies are provided. The economic efficiency of coated tubing application with other corrosion protection methods is compared.

Keywords: tubing corrosion; polymeric coatings; corrosion inhibitors; non-metallic tubing; corrosion resistant steel; protective coatings.

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UDC 662.7 DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2(287)-49-54

ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF TRANSITION TO SYNTHETIC FUEL (p. 49)

Vitaly Leonidovich Zavorotny,

Mikhail Mikhailovich Lyushin,

Mariya Vladimirovna Zakharchenko

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, Leninsky рrosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: zavorotny51@mail.ru

The prospects of world oil reserves depletion and gas reserves excess in comparison with oil reserves causes the problem of gaseous energy carriers’ transition into liquid fuels (GTL projects – gas to liquid). The implementation of these projects envisages the processing of natural gas, mainly into liquid transport fuels, more adapted to modern technologies than gas. Such projects are especially attractive when using associated petroleum gas as a raw material, the emission of which into the atmosphere is not only a loss of energy carriers, but also causes a greenhouse effect that exceeds that one in case of hydrocarbon flaring. At the same time, the production and use of synthetic fuels can be accompanied by a wide range of potential environmental impacts on the environment. At the same time, the urgency of the task of the climate change, which is caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (CO₂, N₂O, CH₄, etc.), which is happening, in the whole, due to human activity. The article attempts to summarize the results of the environmental impact assessment of the Fischer – Tropsch process implementation by using the method of the product life cycle because of the change of greenhouse gasses concentration in the atmosphere.

Keywords: climate change; oil; gas; carbon dioxide; supercritical; product life cycle; sustainable development; industrial ecological system; Fischer – Tropsch process; synthetic fuel.

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UDC 622.162.4 DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2(287)-55-58

ASSESSMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE OF WORKERS
OF THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX (p. 55)

Maria Viktorovna Ivanova

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: mariyivanova@yandex.ru

The factors of occupational risk assessment based on the analysis of accidents over the past 15 years are identified. In order to check the sufficiency of the sample, the confidence interval was calculated to estimate the probability of binomial distribution. The calculation of the rank correlation (Spearman rank correlation coefficient) between the number of violations committed by employees of their professional suitability and the individual level of development of safety culture. Formulated criteria for evaluation of occupational exposure of workers. The mathematical dependence for calculation of the level of professional risk is offered. The scheme of injury of the worker at performance of works of the increased danger is received.

Keywords: professional risk; professional suitability; safety culture.

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UDC 502.51:665.6-514 DOI: 10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2(287)-59-61

SORBENT FOR CLEANING WATER OBJECTS
(EXAMPLE OF CHAD REPUBLIC) (p. 59)

Bichara Mour Abdel-Gadir,

Guzel Gabdullovna Yagafarova,

Gulnara Mazhitovna Kuznetsova

Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education USPTU)

1, Kosmonavtov str., Ufa, 450062, Russian Federation,

e-mail: kafedra_ecologia@mail.ru

Currently, there is a burning issue of oil and oil products pollution of waters located in the zone of anthropogenic influence of the petroleum producing and refining industries. This issue is relevant not only for developed, but also for developing countries with large reserves of hydrocarbons, in particular the Republic of Chad. This paper reflects results of a study of the accumulating capacity of sorbents based on local plant raw materials in relation to oil, some paraffin and polycyclic hydrocarbons. For the purification of water bodies of the Republic of Chad, it is proposed to use sorbents obtained from ground vegetable oil production wastes. A schematic diagram of the production of vegetable sorbent is proposed. Research results show that sorbent from crushed peanut shell with a fraction size of 1-2 mm can accumulate both oil and some paraffin (dodecane, tetradecane, hexadecan) and polycyclic (durol, naphthalene and phenanthrene) hydrocarbons.

Keywords: sorbents; vegetable oil production waste; peanut shell; petroleum; polycyclic hydrocarbons; paraffin hydrocarbons.

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