Problems of Economics and Management of Oil and Gas Complex

Alexey Mikhailovich Mastepanov, Dr. of economic sci., professor of the National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University", academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Head of the Analytical Center of the Energy policy and Security of OGRI RAS

Oil and Gas Research Institute Russian Academy of Sciences (OGRI RAS)

3, Gubkin str., Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, bld. 2, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: amastepanov@mail.ru

The paper analyzes the energy security as one of the basic concepts of the modern world. The main factors of energy consumption growth and their dynamics in the late XX^th – early XXI^st centuries are considered, the dynamics and structure of the world primary energy resources consumption as well as of the world's population, global GDP and energy consumption per capita during the period of 1971–2019 is shown. It is especially noted that the development of the modern world economy and energy is caused by the entire set of social-economic, political and geopolitical conditions. The formation and development of the energy security concept of and measures, undertaken to ensure it, are shown, the features of approaches to the definition of energy security and measures to ensure it at the present stage are considered. As a result of the energy security analysis in the national security system, the following main conclusions were made: firstly, in modern conditions, energy security has simultaneously become one of the main systemic challenges faced by modern energy, acting simultaneously both as a technical and economic, political and philosophical category and secondly, that energy security and energy transition, being the main goals of energy policy and the main driving forces of energy transformation, are increasingly considered and analyzed as a whole.

Keywords: energy policy; national security; energy security and measures to ensure it; global economy and energy; energy consumption; energy transition; access to energy resources; diversification of energy supplies.

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UDC 330.04 DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-5(197)-14-22

PROBLEMS AND FACTORS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
OF OIL AND GAS COMPANIES IN THE CONDITIONS
OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION (p. 14)

Nikolay Fedorovich Chebotarev, Cand. of pedagogiks Sci., Associate Professor of the Faculty "International Energy Business"

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, bld. 1, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: n-22-22@bk.ru

The success of Russian oil and gas companies in the context of digital transformation is associated with the implementation of the sustainable development principles, reflecting modern global trends aimed at the optimal use of limited resources, preservation of the integrity, stability of biological, physical, natural, social and cultural systems. The environment monitoring automation as one of the goals of digitalization of oil and gas companies is aimed at reducing the amount of waste, emissions of pollutants. Sustainable development of oil and gas companies implies their economic efficiency, environmental safety, social responsibility and ethical behavior, along with a general reduction in anthropogenic impact on the biosphere.

The paper reflects the urgent problems of sustainable development of oil and gas companies: implementation of the investment strategy for the development of human capital; development of domestic information and communication digital technologies, development of a system of social guarantees for company personnel; expansion of liquefied natural gas use for energy supply; prevention of negative environmental aftereffects of natural resources development; provision of the rational use of associated petroleum gas; improvement of the legal and regulatory framework in the field of protection of the population, territories, critical and potentially dangerous facilities from natural and man-made emergencies; public accessibility of non-financial reporting of companies.

The main factors of sustainable development of oil and gas companies in the context of digital transformation have been identified: social and environmental responsibility; participation in projects that stimulate the reduction of negative impact on the environment; strict compliance with legislative requirements in the field of energy efficiency and the environment; creation of a network of data processing and storage centers based on domestic solutions; optimization of the personnel number, taking into account digitalization and safety measures, environmental monitoring, development of human capital.

Keywords: problems; factors of sustainable development of oil and gas companies; digital transformation.

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UDC 621.45.04 DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-5(197)-23-28

JET FUELS: COSTS, COVID-19, MARKET AND NON-MARKET FACTORS (p. 23)

Yury Alexeevich Shcherbanin, Dr. of economic sci., professor, Head of Oil and Gas Trading and Logistics

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, bld. 1, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: shcherbanin.y@gubkin.ru

Russian refineries provide the demand of air companies and other consumers in jet fuel. The export deliveries don’t exceed 15–16 % of the total production. Air passenger transportations have steadily been increasing up to 2020 both due to domestic and international flights but regional flights have no demonstrated "energetic tempo", their share has decreased. Owing to COVID-19, world air passenger traffic has decreased considerably but in Russia the traffic has to increase according to some forecasting due to vaccinations and illness level decrease. In a short perspectives jet fuels demand has to increase considerably specially during the holiday season. The analysis of air tickets’ costs demonstrates the influence of many factors and not only jet fuel costs.

Keywords: jet fuels; air passenger traffic; COVID-19; jet fuel cost.

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UDC 330 DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-5(197)-29-34

ANALYSIS OF STAFF COSTS
OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST OIL AND GAS CORPORATIONS (p. 29)

Irina Yurievna Eremina, Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Professor, Head of the Economics Theory Department, Faculty of International Energy Business,

Alexandra Dmitrievna Illeritskaya, graduate student of the Department of Economic Theory, Faculty of International Energy Business

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, bld. 1, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: irinargung@mail.ru, alexandra.illeritskaya@yandex.ru

The paper discusses the concept of personnel costs, considers its definitions and main components. The LTC indicator for Russia and regions of the world has been compared in accordance with the methodology of the World Bank. The annual corporate reporting of the ten largest Russian and foreign oil and gas corporations for the period 2018–2019 is analyzed. Indicators characterizing the level of labor costs in the considered corporations are revealed. The specific level of remuneration per employee in the corporations has been calculated. The indicators are compared, conclusions are drawn about the significant differentiation of the level of wages in various corporations. Assumptions are put forward about the reasons and features of the detected differentiation, which can be the subject of further research.

Keywords: personnel costs; oil and gas corporations; optimization of personnel resources of the company; salaries; benefits and compensation; efficiency of operations.

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UDC 658.3 DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-5(197)-35-41

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STAFF TRAINING PROGRAM
ON THE BASIS OF THE COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT MODEL
AND INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN (p. 35)

Irina Vladimirovna Gerasimova, Cand. of economic sci., associate professor,

Nargiz Faridovna Teregulova, senior lecturer

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, bld. 1, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: irina_gerasimova@list.ru

The emphasis on personnel development, career planning and business activity of employees has become a hallmark of innovative and strategic personnel management of successful organizations. Implementing a new approach to work with personnel is a long, complex and laborious process that requires well-prepared and well-thought-out activities. The paper presents a two-stage program for a personnel reserve training, which includes a model for assessing competencies and further drawing up an individual development plan. A reservist is assessed by eight key competencies: achievement orientation, professional skills, interaction, teamwork, planning and organization, leadership qualities, analytical thinking, innovation perception. The results of self-assessment and peer review serve as the basis for the development of a development plan for the short and long term.

As an example, the options for implementing the training reservists program for the positions of General Director, Deputy General Director and Head of the Department of Geological Exploration and Licensing of Reserves are shown. In addition, the paper presents the main advantages of the proposed model for assessing competencies and implementing an individual development plan for an employee, manager, and the entire company.

Keywords: personnel assessment; talent pool; competency model; individual development plan.

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UDC 551.341+551.588 DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-5(197)-42-47

PERMAFROST MONITORING SYSTEM IN RUSSIA:
IMPORTANCE FOR THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX
AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS (p. 42)

Yuliya Mikhailovna Kukula, Senior student of the Department of Theoretical Foundations of Oil and Gas Field Development of the Geological Faculty

Lomonosov Moscow State University

1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119234, Russian Federation,

e-mail: uliakukula@gmail.com

In recent decades, the world has faced a large-scale problem of global warming which not only includes climatic and biological changes in ecosystems but also entails the soil layer degradation of the Earth's crust, which together lead to technological accidents. The thawing of permafrost in the Arctic zone causes more than 50 % of violations of the natural temperature state of soils. An estimated 24 % of the territory of the Northern Hemisphere of the Earth is permafrost, which should arouse increased interest from the point of view of the requirements for human economic activities. Currently, the main threat when implementing industrial projects in the Arctic zone is the degradation of permafrost, which may lead to industrial accidents and spills of chemically hazardous substances into the environment. Prevention of permafrost degradation is possible in the presence of a permanent observation network at various levels – the implementation of a permafrost monitoring system. The ecological interest when implementing the permafrost monitoring system lies in the preservation of dozens of populations of animals and microorganisms, and the economic benefit lies in the maintenance of industrial enterprises in a working condition. The paper is aimed at reviewing the existing and prospective methods for permafrost monitoring, as well as proposing solutions for the implementation of such a system in the Russian industry.

Keywords: permafrost; permafrost thawing; Arctic zone; permafrost monitoring system; Fuel and Energy Complex.

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UDC 001.895+330.34+371.2 DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-5(197)-48-56

IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL REALITY ENVIRONMENT AS AN INNOVATIVE TOOL
FOR FORMING HARD SKILLS IN THE OIL AND GAS COMPLEX (p. 48)

Nikita Nikolaevich Golunov, Cand. of technical sci., Vice-Rector (Continuing Professional Education),

Evgeniya Dmitrievna Makarova, Cand. of economic sci., associate professor of industrial management department

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, bld. 1, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: golunov.n@gubkin.ru, emak@gubkin.ru

Modern conditions of digital and technological transformation of production establish new requirements for the formation of hard skills of personnel in the oil and gas complex. The use of technologies of virtual, augmented and immersive reality makes it possible to create a full-scale digital educational environment for the formation of hard skills and the development of practical skills. The requirements for the educational process, the roles of participants, the stages of creating educational projects in an immersive educational environment, possible training scenarios, the advantages and disadvantages of such training are considered.

Keywords: hard skills; virtual reality; immersive technologies; digital educational environment.

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UDC 339.5+339.9 DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-5(197)-57-63

PROSPECTS FOR GAS COOPERATION
BETWEEN RUSSIA AND REPUBLIC OF KOREA (p. 57)

Ko Juyoung, graduate student

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

65, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation,

e-mail: 103100@gubkin.ru

During transition to a low-carbon economy, the natural gas consumption is expected to increase in the Republic of Korea. As far as Republic of Korea depends on the LNG import, it is crucial for the country to develop gas cooperation with Russia, the nearest LNG exporting country. In spite of this significance, the level of two countries’ cooperation is quite low. Prospective ways of the cooperation are as follows: firstly, Korean companies’ participation in the Russian Arctic LNG projects, secondly, Korean partners’ assistance in the Russian shipbuilding industry development projects, and finally, joint technology development for hydrogen production from natural gas. It is anticipated that an increase in the direct LNG procurement by companies and gas market liberalization in Korea would stimulate the development of the gas cooperation between Russia and the Republic of Korea.

Keywords: natural gas; LNG; gas cooperation; natural gas trade; hydrogen economy; North-East Asia.

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