ISSN 1999-6942

Scientific-economic journal

PROBLEMS OF ECONOMICS

AND MANAGEMENT OF OIL AND GAS COMPLEX

October 2021                          10(202)                   12 issues per year

 

CONTENТS

 

ECONOMICS

 

Bogatkina Yu.G., Eremin N.A., Lyndin V.N. Features of drilling and formation of costs into construction of oil and gas wells by applying the cluster method in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Territory (p. 5‑9)

 

Serikova I.P. On the relevance of profit rationing as part of tariffs for the transportation of oil through trunk pipelines (p. 10‑16)

 

Kuzina E.S. Methodology for formation of a new economic model of geological exploration works in subsoil assets use (p. 17‑21)

 

ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT

 

Idigova L.M., Rakhimova B.Kh., Abumuslimova F.I. Use of anti-crisis measures to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of commercial enterprises (p. 22‑26)

 

Kachalkina K.G. A mechanism for assessing the balance of the organizational structure of an enterprise (p. 27‑32)

 

Slepukhina T.A. Renewable energy sources projects: long-term trends and experience of oil and gas companies (p. 33‑37)

 

WORLD OIL AND GAS BUSINESS

 

Katyukha P.B. The role and place of commodity exchanges in the modern structure of global energy trade (p. 38‑48)

 

Solovianov A.A., Solovianova A.R. Oil and gas sector of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Uzbekistan: current state and development prospects (p. 49‑56)

 

 

Information on the articles

 

UDC 622.24:330.44          DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-10(202)-5-9

 

FEATURES OF DRILLING AND FORMATION OF COSTS
INTO CONSTRUCTION OF OIL AND GAS WELLS BY APPLYING THE CLUSTER
METHOD IN KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS TERRITORY (p. 5)

 

Yulia Gennadievna Bogatkina1, Cand. of tech. sci., leading researcher,

Nikolay Alexandrovich Eremin1, 2, Dr. of tech. sci., professor,

Viktor Nikolaevich Lyndin2, Cand. of econ. sci., assistant professor

 

1 Oil and Gas Research Institute Russian Academy of Sciences (IPNG RAS)

Moscow, Russian Federation,

e-mail: ubgt@mail.ru, ermn@mail.ru, eremin@ipng.ru

 

2 National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

Moscow, Russian Federation

 

The paper discusses the features of oil and gas wells drilling by applying the cluster method and methodological provisions for the formation of costs for this method application. The main principles and stages of technical and economic modeling of wells drilling by the cluster method are considered, depending on the conditions of fields’ development. It is shown that cluster drilling is used in conditions of inaccessibility to extract natural hydrocarbons, which is typical for the fields of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Territory. A unified cost estimate for calculating the cost of wells construction in the fields of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Territory is presented, which is the basis for an economic assessment of the development of fields in this region.

 

Keywords: wells drilling; technical and economic modeling; well clusters; well construction costs; oil fields.

 

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UDC 658          DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-10(202)-10-16

 

ON THE RELEVANCE OF PROFIT RATIONING AS PART OF TARIFFS
FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF OIL THROUGH TRUNK PIPELINES (p. 10)

 

Irina Pavlovna Serikova, Chief economist

 

PJSC "Transneft"

Moscow, Russian Federation

 

The paper discusses the transition of the Russian system of oil trunk pipelines managed by PJSC "Transneft" to work at tariffs for services rendered and approaches to profit rationing, incorporated in the methodology for calculating oil pipeline tariffs. The proposals for improving the methodology for calculating tariffs in terms of limiting (rationing) profits are critically analyzed. It is shown that all of them can be divided into two large groups: direct (the permitted profit is regulated quantitatively) and indirect (the rate of profit or the rate of return is established). The latter also includes the "inflation minus" method of tariff regulation, which is currently used, the practice of which raises a number of complaints. The paper notes the relevance of profit rationing in the composition of tariffs in the absence of the prospect of deregulation of the sphere of oil transportation through trunk pipelines. The author of the paper proposes to draw attention to the need for further development of indirect methods of profit rationing.

 

Keywords: system of trunk oil pipelines; oil transportation tariffs; direct and indirect methods of profit rationing; "inflation minus" approach.

 

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UDC 3.33.330.3          DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-10(202)-17-21

 

METHODOLOGY FOR FORMATION OF A NEW ECONOMIC MODEL
OF GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION WORKS IN SUBSOIL ASSETS USE (p. 17)

 

Elizaveta Sergeevna Kuzina, Cand. of economic sci.

 

Moscow Branch of LLC "Gazprom Proektirovanie"

Moscow, Russia Federation,

e-mail: e.kuzina@promgaz.gazprom.ru

 

The paper presents the modern realities of a unified methodology for the economic assessment of geological exploration in subsoil assets use. The need for the study was the fact that the creation of a new methodology for the economic model of geological exploration will facilitate the subsoil users’ assessment of hydrocarbon reserves and resources and government bodies when putting resources and reserves on the balance sheet. The main research problem was formed, which is to develop a methodology for the formation of a new economic model for evaluating geological exploration in subsoil assets use for the rational use of the mineral resource base. In the course of the study, modeling methods, observation method, description method and analysis method were used. The result of the study was a new economic model for evaluating geological exploration in subsoil use. The main conclusions can be characterized by the optimization of the main indicators of the valuation of mineral raw materials. The basic principles for calculating discounted cash flow, discount rate, payback period and internal rate of return were developed.

 

Keywords: geological exploration; subsoil use; mineral resources; economic model; geological and economic assessments.

 

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UDC 332.1          DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-10(202)-22-26

 

USE OF ANTI-CRISIS MEASURES TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY
AND COMPETITIVENESS OF COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES (p. 22)

 

Lalita Musaevna Idigova1, 2, Dr. of economic sci.,

Bella Khasanovna Rakhimova2, junior researcher,

Fariza Isaevna Abumuslimova1, post-graduate student

 

1 Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov

Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russian Federation,

e-mail: L.idigova@mail.ru

 

2 Complex Research Institute named after Kh.I. Ibragimov RAS

Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russian Federation,

e-mail: ya210412@yandex.ru

 

The paper considers the existing ideas about the possibility of using anti-crisis measures to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of business entities in the oil and gas industry.

Not only large vertically integrated oil companies (VIOCs) but also small and medium-sized independent oil companies (IOCs) operate in the oil industry of our country. This type of companies attracts significantly less attention than the oil giants. However, it is small and medium-sized companies that are especially actively using new technologies in their activities.

The paper considers the existing ideas about the possibility of using anti-crisis measures to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of business entities. The authors of the paper list the risks that have become a consequence of the post-coronavirus period. According to the authors’ opinion, a number of reasons can be identified as paying a negative impact on business entities. The paper examines the development of business in the context of the coronavirus infection spreading and the anti-crisis measures using as a key tool for ensuring the effective use of resources for the business sector development. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that in modern conditions business is faced with a number of problems that have a negative impact not only on business activity, but also on the socio-economic development of the region.

 

Keywords: anti-crisis measures; competitiveness; business activity; coronavirus infection.

 

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UDC 65.014          DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-10(202)-27-32

 

A MECHANISM FOR ASSESSING THE BALANCE
OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF AN ENTERPRISE (p. 27)

 

Kristina Gennadievna Kachalkina, applicant for seeking the degree of Cand. of economic sci.

 

Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (USPTU)

Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russian Federation,

e-mail: kkachalkina@gmail.com

 

The paper substantiates the necessity of considering the stakeholders' goals of the enterprise to ensure organizational and economic enterprise resilience. It is shown that at present the oil and gas enterprises due to the trends are beginning to change the way they build organizational and managerial relations, attracting an increasing number of stakeholders in this process.

 A mechanism including a cycle of diagnostics and organizational regulation is proposed. The mechanism allows consideration of the stakeholders' goals and their impact on organizational and managerial relations at an enterprise. The mechanism includes an analysis of enterprise stakeholders and their goals, an analysis of the interrelations of said goals and business processes of the enterprise, and the definition of the scenario for their coordination within the organizational structure. Special attention is paid to consideration of the social trends' influence on the stakeholders' goals as a guarantee of the stability of the enterprise.

 

Keywords: organization design; oil and gas enterprises; stakeholder theory; stakeholder goals; social trends; economic stability; organizational structure of management.

 

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UDC 339          DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-10(202)-33-37

 

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES PROJECTS: LONG-TERM TRENDS
AND EXPERIENCE OF OIL AND GAS COMPANIES (p. 33)

 

Tatiana Aleksandrovna Slepukhina, leading specialist, Department of Personnel Training

 

LLC "LUKOIL-Engineering"

Moscow, Russian Federation,

e-mail: tslepuhina@mail.ru

 

Currently, there are large-scale changes in the structure of primary energy consumption in the world, the demand for natural gas is increasing, there is an active development of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) market, the popularity of renewable energy sources (RES) is growing, and there is a trend towards the spread of electric transport. According to many experts, reducing the anthropogenic impact on the climate is impossible without a large-scale reduction in the consumption of fossil fuels. RES demand is expected to grow by about 50 % until 2030 (EIA).

The paper presents an analysis of the companies’ strategies at the alternative energy market. The choice of companies for the analysis of strategies was carried out based on the rating of TOP-10 oil companies by capitalization for 2019, according to the result of which the top three oil and gas companies from the rating were selected as objects of research: Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabia), ExxonMobil (USA), Shell (Great Britain–Holland).

The study shows that the introduction of innovations in the energy sector, namely in the field of alternative energy, is currently very important. The use of renewable energy sources in the unstable conditions of the hydrocarbon market will reduce dependence on this market and slow down the onset of the crisis in the energy sector. The leading companies of the Fuel and Energy Complex (FEC) are actively investing in technologies related to the use of renewable energy sources, which suggests that alternative energy is becoming an integral part of the energy balance and deserves serious attention and application of world experience in this area.

 

Keywords: alternative energy sources; renewable energy sources; solar energy; wind energy; investments; renewable energy; alternative energy.

 

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UDC 339.146          DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-10(202)-38-48

 

THE ROLE AND PLACE OF COMMODITY EXCHANGES
IN THE MODERN STRUCTURE OF GLOBAL ENERGY TRADE
(p. 38)

 

Pavel Borisovich Katyukha, Cand. of economic sci., associate professor

 

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

Moscow, Russian Federation,

e-mail: pbkatyukha@mail.ru

 

The paper presented to your attention a detailed analysis of the evolution and current state of commodity exchanges, their role and place in the structure of the world hydrocarbon trade. The author of the paper analyzes in detail the process of the commodity market transformation from spot transactions to derivatives with the introduction of derivative financial instruments (forwards, futures and options) taken from the financial market, which allowed market participants to expand the horizons and scale of transactions. The commodity exchange is presented by the author as an organizing, structuring part of the market economy, the main task of which is not to supply the economy with raw materials, currency or capital, but to organize, streamline, unify the markets for raw materials, capital and currency. The leading stock exchanges in the oil and gas markets are presented and their comparative analysis are given.

 

Keywords: commodity exchange; derivative; term market; wet barrels; paper barrels; futures; forwards; over-the-counter (OTC) market; commodity derivatives; commodity market; benchmark; hedging; speculation; trader.

 

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UDC 622.32          DOI: 10.33285/1999-6942-2021-10(202)-49-56

 

OIL AND GAS SECTOR OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE REPUBLIC
OF UZBEKISTAN: CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS (p. 49)

 

Alexander Alexandrovich Solovianov, D-r of Chemical Sci., Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences

 

All-Russian Research Institute of Environmental Protection

Moscow, Russian Federation,

e-mail: soloviyanov@mail.ru

 

Alexandra Ruslanovna Solovianova

 

National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University"

Moscow, Russian Federation,

e-mail: all.solovianova@mail.ru

 

The peculiarity of the oil and gas industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the fall in the reserves of the existing fields, as well as an inefficient management system of the industry, wastefulness in the use of financial resources, an insufficiently high level of personnel qualification, a low level of management at all levels of management. To eliminate these shortcomings, the leadership of the Republic of Uzbekistan issued a number of policy documents in 2019-2020. As a result, the restructuring of JSC “Uzbekneftegaz” has begun, a wholesale gas market is being created, mechanisms for saving fuel and energy resources and energy saving are being developed and implemented, and foreign qualified specialists are being attracted to the industry. On the other hand, the Russian Federation has long embarked on the path of market transformations in the oil and gas industry, so this industry is developing quite successfully – the volumes of production, processing and export of hydrocarbon raw materials and products based on it are growing. The energy strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2035 demonstrates well-founded goals and objectives for the development of the oil and gas industry, complications for achieving or fulfilling of which can only be associated with economic sanctions imposed by the United States and the European Union.

 

Keywords: оil and gas industry; Republic of Uzbekistan; JSC "Uzbekneftegaz"; JSC "Uztransgaz"; JSC "Hududgaztaminot"; Energy Strategy of the Russian Federation.

 

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